What does an otolaryngologist do?
Ear-nose-throat specializes in the study of the respiratory, lymphatic and sensory organs of the head and neck area and their many different diseases.
In case of what problems should we consult an otolaryngologist?
- diseases of the pharynx and larynx
- inflammatory diseases of the nasopharynx, tonsils, external auditory canal and middle ear
- nasal polyp, nasal constriction
- examination of head and neck tumours
Where can I get this medical specialty?
Common ear-nose-throat examinations
Infectious diseases of the pharynx and larynx
Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are, in general, pus-producing bacteria that can be responsible for pharyngitis and complicated cases (even arthritis, cardiovascular inflammation, or abscess formation) that occur in common practice and can be treated in the area. After the physical examination, the presence of these bacteria is confirmed by a throat culture, if necessary, by an otolaryngologist, or blood sampling may be required, during which the AST value is monitored. Its level in the blood may indicate that a bacterial foci caused by Streptococcus is occurring in the body.
Inflammatory diseases of the middle ear
Initial symptoms of acute otitis media may include fever, ear pain, hearing loss, weakness, loss of appetite. It is usually preceded by rhinitis, possibly pharyngitis.
Chronic: often ear complaints from childhood or young age, which can typically lead to hearing loss, prolonged ear discharge, recurrent inflammation, may require surgery. It is often caused by chronic Eustachian tube dysfunction, which can also show family accumulation.
Nasal polyps, nasal congestion
Nasal polyps develop from an proliferation of inflamed mucous membranes covering the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, with chronic mucositis in the background. Obstructed ventilation of the sinuses due to air pollution, non-allergic asthma and anatomical abnormalities (e.g. nasal congestion) may be responsible for the development of inflammation.
Examination of head and neck tumours
Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption greatly increase the chances of developing oral, sub-pharyngeal and laryngeal tumours. Oral care and a healthy, varied diet are also very important. Research has also confirmed the role of HPV in certain types of head and neck cancers.
