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Proctology

Discreet specialist evaluation and treatment of hemorrhoids, rectal bleeding, anal fissures, painful bowel movements, fistulas, and other anorectal concerns.

Proctology services

Anorectal symptoms deserve a thorough evaluation, not just treatment for hemorrhoids

Anorectal pain, bleeding, itching, discharge, or a palpable lump are common symptoms that can have a range of underlying causes. Although benign conditions such as hemorrhoids or anal fissures are often responsible, symptoms alone do not always reveal their cause.

At Swiss Clinic, a proctology evaluation begins with a detailed medical history and a focused physical examination. This may include visual inspection of the anus, a digital rectal examination, and anoscopy. If needed, proctoscopy or additional diagnostic tests can help determine the underlying cause.

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Proktológiai szakrendelés és vizsgálat

What to know before your appointment

A complete bowel cleanse is generally not necessary before an initial proctology examination. However, if proctoscopy or another procedure requiring special preparation is planned, you will receive specific instructions in advance.

How should you prepare for your visit?

  • Bowel movement before the exam: If possible, have a bowel movement before your appointment. This may make the physical examination and anoscopy more comfortable, but laxatives or a complete bowel cleanse are generally unnecessary for an initial proctology examination.
  • Enema preparation: Do not administer an enema on your own initiative. It is not always needed before anoscopy. If bowel preparation is required for proctoscopy or another examination, follow the specific instructions provided by Swiss Clinic.
  • Tell us about topical medications: If you use suppositories, rectal ointments, or other topical products, let your examining physician know. Follow your physician's instructions about using the specific product before the examination.
  • Blood thinners: Be sure to tell your physician if you take anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. This is especially important if a biopsy or other procedure may be needed. Do not stop taking any medication without medical advice.

When should you see a proctologist?

A proctology examination is particularly recommended if any of the following symptoms are new, recurring, or persistent:

  • Rectal bleeding: Blood appears on toilet paper, in the stool, or in the toilet bowl. Bleeding is common with hemorrhoids and anal fissures, but it should not automatically be attributed to either condition.
  • Painful bowel movements: Sharp or burning pain during or after a bowel movement may be caused by an anal fissure, inflammation, or another local condition.
  • Lump or swelling near the anus: A proctology examination can help identify the cause of a new, protruding, tender, or painful lump.
  • Itching, burning, or discharge: Persistent anal irritation, discharge, or sores may indicate an infection, inflammation, fistula, or another condition.
  • Problems with bowel movements or bowel control: A focused evaluation may also be appropriate for persistent difficulty passing stool, a sensation of incomplete evacuation, recurring urges to have a bowel movement, or difficulty controlling stool or gas.

Available examinations

In addition to specialist proctology examinations, Swiss Clinic offers targeted diagnostic and treatment options:

Initial and follow-up proctology examinations

A detailed review of symptoms, a physical examination of the anorectal area, and, when needed, a digital rectal examination and anoscopy.

Why choose Swiss Clinic?

Anorectal conditions often cause similar symptoms, even though they may require different treatments. At Swiss Clinic, a proctology evaluation aims not only to relieve symptoms but also to identify the specific condition causing them.

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Identifying the cause of your symptoms

If you experience bleeding, pain, a lump, or other anorectal symptoms, a physical examination and, when necessary, an instrument-based examination can help establish a diagnosis.

Anoscopy and proctoscopy

A focused examination of the anus and lower rectum using specialized instruments may be part of your evaluation when needed.

Hemorrhoid treatment tailored to your diagnosis

Depending on the type and severity of your hemorrhoids, treatment options may include conservative care, rubber band ligation, or surgery.

Surgical care when needed

Swiss Clinic's same-day surgery services allow several types of proctologic procedures to be performed when medically indicated.

Not all rectal bleeding is caused by hemorrhoids

One of the most important goals of a proctology examination is to determine whether symptoms are caused by hemorrhoids, an anal fissure, inflammation, a fistula, an abscess, a polyp, or another condition. The same symptom, such as bleeding or pain, can occur with several different conditions.

During the initial visit, the specialist will ask detailed questions about your symptoms, bowel habits, and any bleeding, then examine the anorectal area. A digital rectal examination and anoscopy may be performed if needed. If examination of the lower rectum does not provide enough information, proctoscopy, colonoscopy, or another targeted test may be necessary.

Are you experiencing bleeding, pain, a lump, itching, or other recurring anorectal symptoms? Do not assume they are caused by hemorrhoids based on symptoms alone. A proctology examination can help identify the cause and determine the appropriate treatment.

Main areas of care and examination:

Hemorrhoids and anal fissures

  • Evaluation of external and internal hemorrhoids
  • Painful or bleeding hemorrhoids
  • Acute and chronic anal fissures
  • Treatment options tailored to the diagnosis

Fistulas, abscesses, and inflammation

  • Evaluation of anal fistulas
  • Perianal and perineal abscesses
  • Wounds, inflammation, and discharge
  • Targeted examination of suspected infections

Instrument-based examinations and further care

  • Anoscopy when needed
  • Proctoscopy when indicated
  • Biopsy and histopathology
  • Additional endoscopic or imaging tests when needed

Don't let your symptoms leave you with unanswered questions

Our experienced medical specialists and advanced diagnostic technology can help identify the underlying causes of your symptoms. Choose an appointment time that works best for you.

Frequently asked questions

Answers to common questions about proctology services.

The examination may be uncomfortable, but the specialist will make every effort to perform it as gently as possible. An acute anal fissure, inflammation, or another painful condition can make the examination more sensitive, so be sure to mention any severe pain beforehand. The examination can be adapted to your current condition.

Complete bowel preparation or a routine enema is generally not necessary before an initial proctology examination or anoscopy. If proctoscopy or another procedure requiring preparation is planned, you will receive specific instructions. Do not take laxatives or administer an enema without medical advice.

No. Hemorrhoids are a common cause of bright red rectal bleeding, but bleeding can also result from anal fissures, inflammation, polyps, or other gastrointestinal conditions. New, recurring, or unexplained bleeding should therefore be evaluated by a specialist to determine the cause.

The specialist will first ask detailed questions about your symptoms, bowel habits, any bleeding, and your medical history and previous treatments. Next, the specialist will inspect the anus and surrounding area and, if needed, perform a digital rectal examination and anoscopy. Additional testing is recommended only when necessary to clarify your condition.

Proctoscopy may be needed to examine a higher section of the rectum. Colonoscopy may be considered if symptoms cannot be explained by a condition limited to the anorectal area or if your symptoms and medical history indicate that further examination of the colon is warranted. The specialist will make this decision based on the initial examination.